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For the petrochemical industry, automation instrumentation as the main instrument and equipment will directly affect many aspects of petrochemical production. Only by rationally applying automation instrumentation, identifying effective ways to deal with automation instrument failures, and serving the management of automation instrumentation, can automation instrumentation be improved. The application effect of this technology can improve the accuracy and scientificity of the application of automation instruments in the petrochemical industry, and promote the realization of safe production in the petroleum industry. Therefore, this article analyzes the specific application in detail on the basis of discussing the importance of the application of automation instruments in the petroleum industry.
As we all know, petroleum is one of the main energy sources for the production and development of modern society, and the petroleum industry automation instrument engineering is one of the key projects for the development of my country’s petrochemical industry. With the continuous improvement of scientific research in the petrochemical field, with the continuous increase of human and material resources, the application of automation instrumentation in the petroleum industry has achieved many results, and there will be more extensive applications and development space in the future. Therefore, this article analyzes the application of automation instrumentation in the petroleum industry, hoping to have a certain reference significance for the future application of automation instrumentation.
Importance of Application of Automation Instrumentation in Petroleum Industry
Regarding the actual production of the petroleum industry, in addition to the company’s production status, it will also be affected by human factors, which in turn will affect product quality. Therefore, we need to use instrument technology rationally to achieve reasonable improvement and management of production control in the petroleum industry. Automation technology has played an important role, especially automation instrumentation has played a pivotal role. It is not only an automation technology tool, but also contains many A powerful automation component. Specifically, automation tools are mainly used to display, monitor, record, transmit and control the operation of equipment. Only when the importance of automation instruments in the petroleum industry is truly recognized, can automation instruments be used in daily petrochemical production. The role is fully played out.
Application of Automation Instrumentation in the Development of Petroleum Industry
After understanding the importance of automation instrument applications in the petroleum industry, we need to focus on understanding the various instruments that will be used in the development of the petroleum industry. This chapter mainly analyzes measuring instruments, including online instruments such as temperature, pressure, flow, and level. The following is a simple analysis of these four measuring instruments, focusing on the flow meter as an example, and a specific discussion on the Qiangba flowmeter. Through the analysis of the basic principles and troubleshooting methods, the daily use level of the automation instrument will eventually be improved, so as to Thoroughly understand the actual application process of flow meters.
Level meter
In the petroleum industry, it is often used to measure the level of liquids or solids, and the actual measurement is directly related to the measured object. At present, the most commonly used are magnetic float level meter, radar level meter, static pressure level meter, etc. The main measurement methods include laser type, a capacitive type, static pressure type, etc., which are widely used in the petroleum industry The use, instead of the traditional way of measuring liquids by manually delivering a tape measure, it improves work efficiency in an all-round way. For example, for use in the petroleum industry, you can choose a level measuring instrument, especially the tuning fork level switch in its instrument, which is especially suitable for crude oil level, electric dehydrator interface, mud, liquefied gas tank, oil-water analysis, Used in liquid level measurement such as oil storage tanks.
Pressure gauge and temperature gauge
The actual use of pressure gauges is directly related to safety in production and should be paid attention to. Generally speaking, the pressure should be controlled between 0-30MPa. As an intelligent device for detecting pressure, pressure transmitters mainly accurately transfer parameters to corresponding pressure controllers, flow computers, ESD valves, and other equipment to form important interlocking logic operation parameters to ensure improved production efficiency. At present, the measurement accuracy of pressure transmitters for the measurement level can reach 0.04% or higher.
For temperature instruments, generally speaking, for the indication control of oil industry production equipment, the temperature is required to be controlled within a certain range. In order to improve the accuracy of measurement, contact measurement is usually considered, the traditional mercury glass thermometer is replaced with a bimetal thermometer, and the temperature transmitter is used as the corresponding instrument.
For example, in a very large oil refinery in France, Baumer measuring instruments have been used in different production processes for many years. A very good step is normal pressure rectification, which directly separates crude oil from various fractions. In this process, multiple thermocouples are required to measure several temperature values as high as 850°C.
Then there is vacuum distillation to further separate the residue. In this process, for the low-pressure transmitter, it actually needs to measure an absolute pressure of 10-40 mmHg, and its thermocouple sensor measures a temperature of 370°C. After that, the catalytic reforming process can be carried out to realize the conversion of gasoline. In this process, the process temperature reaches 550°C. The TBI metal thermometer is used to measure it. Because it is made of stainless steel, the whole is very strong and can meet the temperature requirements of -70°C to 600°C. In the range of 0.3-3.5MPa, the pressure is measured by the MEX5 industrial pressure gauge.
Flow meter
In the petroleum industry, flow meters are a component that cannot be ignored. Analyzing based on the control point of view is to rely on the flow rate for assessment. The flow rate itself has an important relationship with pipelines and fluids. For the installation of the instrument: very good, for the instrument installed on the spot, it should be installed on the pipeline without any strong vibration and convenient for maintenance. Second, check the appearance in detail before installation, and check the manufacturing dimensions according to the designed data. Third, avoid damage to the detection components before cleaning and installation. When installing the flow meter on the pipeline, perform pressure test, wash and blow, and then install it.
For example, in the production of the petroleum industry, flow measurement processing will be used from the very early stage of oil extraction, to the intermediate transportation, smelting and processing, to the extraordinary trade and sales, and any link needs the support of the flow meter, otherwise It will not be able to meet the normal production needs of the oil industry, and will not reach the goal of trade exchanges.
Treatment of common faults in the application of strong bar flowmeters in the petroleum industry
After a simple analysis of various automated instruments, the application of the JN-LXDB3015-model of the powerful bar flowmeter is used to analyze the fault handling problems, hoping to have a comprehensive understanding of the application of the liberalized instruments in the petroleum industry
Fundamental
The powerful bar flowmeter mainly directly transmits the pressure sensed from the high-pressure tapping port and the low-pressure tapping port to the corresponding high-pressure cavity and low-pressure cavity inside the detection rod, and obtains the average total pressure and back pressure at the corresponding position, and then They are respectively transmitted to the high pressure chamber and low pressure chamber corresponding to the differential pressure transmitter. The differential pressure signal of the two will be directly converted into a current signal, and the flow rate of the fluid can be obtained after the calculation and processing of the display instrument.
Common faults and treatment
The maintenance of the powerful bar flowmeter is less, mainly because the integrated powerful bar flowmeter is a maintenance-free equipment, and the daily maintenance of the supporting secondary instrument is also less, and only normal zero point inspection and span inspection are required. . However, on individual occasions, if there is a large deviation between the design conditions and use conditions of the tested medium, targeted corrections are also required.
Very good, if the petrochemical production process is not continuous, there is a problem of switching on and off, you must pay attention to maintaining the flowmeter. When the production is stopped, the three-valve balance valve needs to be opened, and the high-pressure valve and the low-pressure valve are directly closed, so that the differential pressure transmitter is in a delivery state without differential pressure. When the production is resumed, the high-pressure valve and the low-pressure valve should be opened directly, and the balance valve should be closed, so that the differential pressure transmitter can be directly restored to the state of differential pressure input measurement.
Second, for some of the measured media with a large amount of dust, such as industrial water, crude gas, humid gas, etc., it may cause the pressure hole of the probe to be blocked. At this time, the purge must be carried out in time. In this way, compressed air is directly introduced into the sensor for back-blowing, blowing off the dust particles sticking to it, and preventing clogging. The time of each purge must be controlled within 30 seconds. During this period of time, the pressure pipe leading to the differential pressure transmitter must be closed and reopened after the purge is completed. In some occasions where compressed air is not allowed to be blown in, such as high-temperature gas, steam can be used for purging.